Effect of 10% kepok banana peel extract gel (musa paradisiaca linn. kepok) application on periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (rattus norvegicus): In vivo study

Abstract

Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the effect of application of 10% Kepok banana peel extract gel (Musa paradisiaca linn. Kepok) on periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: Fourty-eight wistar rats were divided into 3 groups, namey 16 rats as the positive control group (Aloclair gel), 16 rats as the negative control group (CMC-Na gel 2%) and 16 rats as the treatment group (10% Kepok banana peel extract gel). The induction of periodontitis was performed using modified ligation technique for 7 days with additional injection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans bacteria on the first day. Wistar rats were euthanized on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 for histological analysis to evaluate the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, osteoclasts, osteoblasts and fibroblasts. Radiographs were taken on day 21 using digital periapical radiograph (PaloDex Oy). Data were analyzed using Two-Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD tests. Results: Data analysis showed a significant difference in the cell numbers among the groups.  A decreasing number of lymphocytes, macrophages, and osteoclasts could already be observed since the 1st day, so could an increasing number of fibroblasts and osteoblasts. The fibroblasts and osteoblasts of the treatment group already reached their peak on the 5th day, faster than the negative control and positive control groups that reached their peaks on the 7th day. Conclusion: The application of 10% Kepok banana peel extract gel (Musa paradisiaca linn. Kepok) caused significant acceleration of periodontal regeneration process in periodontal healing of wistar rat (Rattus norvegicus).