Potential of nano hydroxyapatite synthesized from blood clam shells as a remineralizing agent after in-office bleaching

Abstract

Introduction: The effect of bleaching on tooth structure is the loss of interprismatic substance which causes prism irregularities and changes in enamel morphology such as increased porosity and demineralization. This can be stopped by encouraging remineralization if the pH is neutralized and there are enough calcium and phosphate ions in the oral cavity. One agent that can be used to help the remineralization process is nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) which is a bioactive and biocompatible material for the natural mineral enamel. This study aims to determine change in the percentage of porosity, calcium, phosphate and hydroxyapatite synthesized from blood clam shells (Anadara granosa) and CPP-ACP as a positive control. Material and methods: The research design was a pre-post test control group design. Six maxillary first premolars were cut to the CEJ with a size of 5x5x2 mm then 40% hydrogen peroxide was applied. The first group was applied nHA synthesized from blood clam shells and the second group was applied CPP-ACP. Determination the percentage of porosity, calcium, phosphate and hydroxyapatite was carried out before and after bleaching and after aplication of remineralizing agent. Results: The study showed an decrease the porosity, calcium, phospate and increase hydroxyapatite precentage after sampel was applied to the remineralizating material nHA synthesized from blood clam shells and CPP-ACP. Conlusion: nHA results of blood clam shell synthesis has the potential to be used as an enamel remineralization agent after in-office bleaching. Key words: Blood clam shell, Casein Phosphopeptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate, In-office bleaching, Nano Hydroxyapatite