Jessica Jessica; Elza I. Auerkari

doi:10.15562/jdmfs.v0i0.752

Saliva as a diagnostic tool in forensic odontology

Jessica Jessica ,

Elza I. Auerkari ,

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Abstract

Objective: This paper aims to review the studies of the saliva analysis for forensic odontology purposes, starting from identifying the saliva stain and extracting the saliva sample.Methods: A literature review was performed using textbook (2016) and online search in scientific databases: PubMedÂ®, ScienceDirectÂ®, JDMFS online, EBSCOhostÂ® (from 2002 to 2017). The studies generated were screened and selected by a single examiner based on the following criteria: full text articles with abstracts reporting on saliva and forensic odontology or personal identification and all articles are written in English.Results: From the articles gained by the author, the author found that saliva stain can be detected through many ways and can be extracted using single swab or double swab technique. Saliva analysis can be used to detect drug and hormone abuse, to detect intoxication, to identify suspects and victims of a crime or disaster, and also to identify bitemarkâ€™s perpetrator. Conclusion: Saliva is a very useful diagnostic tool in forensic odontology. Its detection and analysis is very important in verifying the existence of a crime, in identifying suspects and victims of a crime, and in personal identification in mass disaster.Â Despite all the usefulness of saliva analysis, the existence of saliva in crime scene is often difficult to be confirmed, therefore it is better to combine more than one saliva stain identification tool to confirm.

Keywords: Forensic odontology Law reinforcement Personal identification Saliva analysis Saliva stain

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References

Taylor JA, Kieser JA. Forensic odontology: principles and
practice. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell; 2016. p. 281.
Proctor GB. The physiology of salivary secretion. Journal
Periodontology 2000 2016;70: 11-25.
Illahi G, Tamril R, Samad R. Concentration of total protein
and degree of acidity (pH) of saliva when fasting and after
breakfasting. J Dentomaxillofac Sci 2016;1: 36-38.
Kaufman E. The diagnostic applications of saliva-a review.
Critical Review Oral Biology Medicine 2002;13: 197-212.
Javaid MA, Ahmed AS, Durand R, et al. Saliva as a
diagnostic tool for oral and systemic diseases. J Oral
Biology and Craniofacial Research 2016;6: 66-75.
Thomadaki K, Helmerhorst EJ, Tian N, et al. Whole-saliva
proteolysis and its impact on salivary diagnostics. Journal
Dental Research 2011;90: 1325-1330.
Saxena S, Kumar S. Saliva in forensic odontology:
a comprehensive update. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial
Pathology 2015;19: 263-265.
Michalke B, Rossbach B, GÃ¶en T, et al. Saliva as a matrix
for human biomonitoring in occupational and environmental
medicine [Biomonitoring Methods, 2015]. The
MAK collection for occupational health and safety; 2016.
p. 1399-1479.
Watanabe K, Akutsu T, Takamura A, et al. Practical
evaluation of an RNA-based saliva identification method.
Science & Justice 2017;57: 404-408.
Casey DG & Price J. The sensitivity and specificity of
the RSIDTM-saliva kit for the detection of human
salivary amylase in the Forensic Science Laboratory,
Dublin, Ireland. J Forensic Sci Int 2010;194: 67-71.
Nakanishi H, Kido A, Ohmori T, et al. A novel method for
the identification of saliva by detecting oral streptococci
using PCR. J Forensic Sci Int 2009;183: 20-23.
Jiang J, Park NJ, Hu S, et al. A universal pre-analytic
solution for concurrent stabilization of salivary proteins,
RNA and DNA at ambient temperature. Archives of Oral
Biology 2009;54: 268-273.
Ohta J & Ohmura M. Reducing of salivary Î±-amylase
inhibition by using bovine serum albumin and calcium
chloride for forensic saliva screening. J Legal Med 2017;28:
-58.
Pang BCM & Cheung BKK. Applicability of two
commercially available kits for forensic identification of
saliva stains. J Forensic Sci 2008;53: 1117-1122.

How to Cite

Jessica, J., & Auerkari, E. I. (2019). Saliva as a diagnostic tool in forensic odontology. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science, 4(3), 124–127. https://doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v0i0.752

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[1] Taylor JA, Kieser JA. Forensic odontology: principles and

[2] practice. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell; 2016. p. 281.

[3] Proctor GB. The physiology of salivary secretion. Journal

[4] Periodontology 2000 2016;70: 11-25.

[5] Illahi G, Tamril R, Samad R. Concentration of total protein

[6] and degree of acidity (pH) of saliva when fasting and after

[7] breakfasting. J Dentomaxillofac Sci 2016;1: 36-38.

[8] Kaufman E. The diagnostic applications of saliva-a review.

[9] Critical Review Oral Biology Medicine 2002;13: 197-212.

[10] Javaid MA, Ahmed AS, Durand R, et al. Saliva as a

[11] diagnostic tool for oral and systemic diseases. J Oral

[12] Biology and Craniofacial Research 2016;6: 66-75.

[13] Thomadaki K, Helmerhorst EJ, Tian N, et al. Whole-saliva

[14] proteolysis and its impact on salivary diagnostics. Journal

[15] Dental Research 2011;90: 1325-1330.

[16] Saxena S, Kumar S. Saliva in forensic odontology:

[17] a comprehensive update. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial

[18] Pathology 2015;19: 263-265.

[19] Michalke B, Rossbach B, GÃ¶en T, et al. Saliva as a matrix

[20] for human biomonitoring in occupational and environmental

[21] medicine [Biomonitoring Methods, 2015]. The

[22] MAK collection for occupational health and safety; 2016.

[23] p. 1399-1479.

[24] Watanabe K, Akutsu T, Takamura A, et al. Practical

[25] evaluation of an RNA-based saliva identification method.

[26] Science & Justice 2017;57: 404-408.

[27] Casey DG & Price J. The sensitivity and specificity of

[28] the RSIDTM-saliva kit for the detection of human

[29] salivary amylase in the Forensic Science Laboratory,

[30] Dublin, Ireland. J Forensic Sci Int 2010;194: 67-71.

[31] Nakanishi H, Kido A, Ohmori T, et al. A novel method for

[32] the identification of saliva by detecting oral streptococci

[33] using PCR. J Forensic Sci Int 2009;183: 20-23.

[34] Jiang J, Park NJ, Hu S, et al. A universal pre-analytic

[35] solution for concurrent stabilization of salivary proteins,

[36] RNA and DNA at ambient temperature. Archives of Oral

[37] Biology 2009;54: 268-273.

[38] Ohta J & Ohmura M. Reducing of salivary Î±-amylase

[39] inhibition by using bovine serum albumin and calcium

[40] chloride for forensic saliva screening. J Legal Med 2017;28:

[41] -58.

[42] Pang BCM & Cheung BKK. Applicability of two

[43] commercially available kits for forensic identification of

[44] saliva stains. J Forensic Sci 2008;53: 1117-1122.