Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

A Microbial and histological analysis of rat model of oral candidiasis

Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: C. albicans infection is the most common opportunistic infection in humans, and the prevalence of this infection has been increasing recently. Exploratory research on materials that have antifungal potential is urgently needed. One of the stages in the study is the use of experimental animal models. By various extrapolations, we designed models of oral candidiasis for men and women. This study aims to evaluate the infection after the treatment we provide, both microbiologically and histologically.

Material and Methods: Our male and female rats lowered their immune systems with the corticosteroid methylprednisolone. The rats' drinking water was mixed with antibiotics to disrupt the balance of the oral cavity's normal flora. To facilitate C.albicans exposure and avoid loss of C.albicans, rats were previously injected with chlorpromazine HCL.

Results: The microbiological evaluation showed that in male and female rat models, the number of fungal colonies on oral mucosal swab cultures was significantly higher at five and eight days after exposure to putrefactive control mice. Histological evaluation showed that in model rats, the number of hyphae that penetrated the dorsum of the tongue was higher than in control rats five days after exposure.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the method we used is proven to produce oral candidiasis model rats, both male, and female

Risk prevalence of the temporomandibular disorder in Undergraduate Students of Medicine Faculty, Mulawarman University, Indonesia

Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study described the risk prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorder in students Faculty of Medicine, Mulawarman University, Class of 2018-2020.

Material and Methods: This research is a descriptive study using a survey method.

Results: The sample consisted of 504 participants, 136 of them were men (27%) and 368 of them were women (73%), with an average age of 19.36 years old.

Conclusion: It is concluded from this research that women had a high risk of experiencing temporomandibular disorder by 65.9%. The age that has a high risk of experiencing temporomandibular disorder is 20 years old with a prevalence of 29.0%. Class 2019 students who have a high risk of experiencing TMD are 32.5%.

Hydrophobicity of the biofunctionalized scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application in dentistry

Ridhayani Hatta, Beatriz JC. Monteiro, Ílida O. Asencio — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the hydrophobicity of the functionalized scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications in Dentistry.

Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted in the Tissue Engineering Laboratory of The University of Sheffield. The scaffolds were polycaprolactone (PCL) and functionalized using heparin, divided into five groups of prepared electrospun scaffolds. i.e., 1) Fully coated heparin, 2) Random drops of heparin, 3) Organized drops of heparin, 4) Stamping-micropockets with heparin, 5) PCL scaffold only (Control). Hydrophobicity was characterized by measuring the contact angle of distilled water drops on the scaffolds. One-way ANOVA was used as a data analysis test, with p<0.05.

Result: The mean contact angle of each group was 63.33, 63.83, 63.33, 73.00, and 64.58, respectively. There was no group of scaffolds categorized as hydrophobics and no statistically significant difference among and within groups.

Conclusion: The functionalized scaffolds were mostly un-hydrophobic, being a deliberation of their biocompatibility and role in bone tissue engineering application in dentistry.

The effect of green robust coffee gel (coffea canephora) to collagen density on gingival wound healing (an in-vivo study in wistar rats)

Ni-Putu I. Suryadewi, Rinaldi B. Utomo, Indra Bramanti — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of robusta green coffee gel on the collagen density in Wistar rats.

Material and Methods: The subjects were 45 Wistar rats, each wounded with a 3 mm punch biopsy in the mandibular incisor gingiva. The rats were then divided into 5 groups, namely the positive control group (Povidone-iodine 10%), negative control (gel base), and 3 treatment groups (10%, 20%, and 40% concentration of Robusta green coffee gel). The intervention was carried out twice a day. A total of 3 mice in each group were then sacrificed on the 5th and 10th days to see the collagen density using the Mallory Trichrome staining technique. Collagen density was observed using a microscope with 400x magnification in 5 fields of view. Kruskal Wallis test was used for data processing.

Results: There was no difference in collagen density regardless of the coffee gel concentration at each observation time, with p>0.05.

Conclusion: There was no effect on the times of observation or dose concentration of robusta coffee gel on collagen density on gingival wound healing in Wistar rats.

Accuracy of mesiodistal teeth and dental arch width measurement with conventional plaster and digital model study

Zenia Adindaputri, Dyah Karunia, Darmawan Sutantyo — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aims to determine the accuracy of the sum mesiodistal width and the arch width from the conventional plaster model, 2D digital scan, 3D intraoral scanning, and Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) methods.

Material and Methods: The type of research in this study is a comparative experimental conducted by comparing 5 different sample groups. The study was conducted on 5 study models in each group, the control group (typodont), and the treatment group (the conventional plaster model, 2D digital scan, 3D intraoral scanning, and CBCT). The parameters measured were the sum of mesiodistal width and inter premolar. Each measurement was repeated 3 times by the same observer, then averaged. Statistical analysis using Pearson Correlation to determine the correlation between the accuracy of the measurement method compared to the control group (typodont).

Results: The results showed that there was a significant accuracy correlation (p<0.05) in measuring the sum of mesiodistal width and inter premolar between the control group (typodont) using conventional plaster model measurement methods, 2D digital scan, 3D intraoral scanning, and CBCT.

Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is conventional measurement methods, 2D digital scan, 3D intraoral scanning, and CBCT are accurate in measuring the sum of mesiodistal width and inter premolar width.

Exploring barriers to oral healthcare experienced by caregivers living with intellectual disability: A qualitative study

Valendriyani Ningrum, Syamsiah Syam, Abu Bakar, Chung-Ming Liu — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: People with intellectual disability often have poor oral health, which can negatively impact their quality of life. It has been unclear which barriers that contributes to this, especially among institutionalized intellectual disability in Padang city. This qualitative study explores the underlying barriers to oral healthcare from the perspective of the caregivers as well as people who living with them.

Material and Methods: Qualitative exploration was undertaken using in-depth interviews with caregivers in the public intellectual disability institution, Padang city. Data were collected from three caregivers. Thematic analysis identified key themes to explore in depth of the barrier oral healthcare among individuals with ID used N-vivo software.

Results: Both individual and caregiver barriers to oral healthcare are offered to people with intellectual disability. These barriers include severity disorder, lack of focus and uncontrolled dietary intake. Caregivers lack knowledge and information regarding their rights to oral healthcare for individuals with special needs, the imbalance ratio caregiver and financial problem were also barriers.

Conclusion: Individuals with ID face several barriers in maintain oral hygiene such as severity of disorder, the lack of attention, imbalance ratio of caregivers and children, dietary intake, oral health education of caregivers, and financial problems.

A retrospective institutional study for age determination by the root length of mandibular third molar on panoramic radiograph in deutero malay subject

Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aimed to produce formula age determination by the root length of mandibular third molar on panoramic radiograph in Deutero Malay subject.

Material and Methods: The analytical study design was done with 130 mandibular third molars on 90 panoramic radiographs of the Deutero Malay subject from patients who visited the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Unit at Dental Hospital Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia. The inclusion criteria were patients in the age range between 15 to 21 years, panoramic radiograph with good quality, and the root of the mandibular third molar is still developing. The panoramic radiograph with the teeth showed root anomaly, dental pathology, and malposition as bucco-linguoangular were excluded. The root length of the third molar was measured from CEJ – root apex in millimeters following by Thevissen's modified scoring method using Fiji ImageJ-Win64. The simple linear regression of statistical IBM software was used to analyze the result. The reliability of the observers was evaluated to know the observer's variability.

Results: There was a very strong correlation between the root length of mandibular third molar and chronological age for male (R=0.949) with formula chronological age = 11,847 + 0,459 (Root Length), (R²=0.901), (SEE=0.692), and for female (R=0.946) with formula chronological age = 13,701 + 0,410 (Root Length), (R²=0.895), (SEE=0.622).

Conclusion: The root length of the mandibular third molar on a panoramic radiograph can be used for age determination in Deutero Malay subjects.

The difference in signs of temporomandibular joint disorders between Airforce Pilot Corps, Paskhas Corps, and Supporting Corps in Indonesian Airforce

Basaria Manurung, Endang Sjamsudin, Indra Hadikrishna — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: This study aims to analyze the difference in signs of TMJ disorders in Indonesian Air Force soldiers.

Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional study. The research subjects were 39 Indonesian Air Force soldiers who were underwent periodic health check up at Lakespra Dr. Saryanto Jakarta who had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.. The data obtained were tested with one way Anova, Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney test by SPSS.

Results: The three groups had signs of TMJ disorders in different proportions. The Paskhas Corps had the highest percentage of abnormalities in the examination of muscle palpation, TMJ palpation, and TMJ auscultation of 23%, 23%, and 53.85%, respectively. Meanwhile, the Airforce Pilot had the most abnormalities in mandibular movement, about 92%. The results of statistical tests showed that there were significant differences in the TMJ auscultation examination in the three groups, but not on other examinations.

Conclusion: Exercises and heavy physical loads in the Paskhas Corps can affect the masticatory muscles and cause microtrauma in the TMJ resulting in the occurrence of TMJ symptoms is higher.

Effect of local anesthetic lidocaine 2% with a combination of adrenaline 1:80000 on blood sugar levels before and after anesthesia procedures at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara

Ahyar Riza, Ismi Anugrah — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To determine the effect of Lidocaine 2% local anesthesia with a combination of adrenaline 1:80000 on blood sugar levels before and after anesthetic procedures at Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Material and Methods: This was an experimental study with one group pretest posttest design research design. A sample of 40 patients were given a preliminary test and a final test to find out blood sugar levels before and after being given Lidocaine 2% with adrenaline 1:80000.

Results: The results of the study were analyzed using the Paired t-test. The results showed a significant difference in blood sugar levels before and after the 2% lidocaine anesthesia procedure with a combination of adrenaline 1:80.000 (p = 0.00 <0.05)

Conclusion: Giving 2% lidocaine local anesthesia with a combination of adrenaline 1:80.000 increased blood sugar levels in subjects and increased blood sugar levels were higher in male subjects than female subjects.

Inhibition of cocoa peel (theobroma cacao l.) extract gel on growth of staphylococcus aureus

Yani C. Rahayu, Ayu M. Prihanti, Tania P. Salsabila — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: The aim of this study was examined the inhibition of cocoa peel (Theobroma cacao L.) ethanol extract gel against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. One of antimicrobial agents that is frequently used for treatment of S.aureus infection is chlorhexidine. Prolonged use of chlorhexidine can cause side effects, such as discoloration of teeth, restorations and tongue, and also desquamative lesions of oral mucosa. Therefore, to minimize the side effects of synthetic antimicrobial agents, an alternative antimicrobial therapy is needed, such as topical antimicrobials derived from natural ingredients like cocoa peel.

Material and Methods: This study was an in vitro laboratory experimental study with a post test only control groupdesign. Identified cocoa peel were extracted using ultrasonic method with ethanol 70% then formulated into gel with dosage of 20 mg/ml, 40 mg/ml, 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml, then tested using disk diffusion method and compared with positive control, chlorhexidine gel and negative control, gelling base.

Result: Inhibition zone was formed in group of cocoa peel ethanol extract gel with dosage of 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml, which indicated that there was inhibition activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The results of statistical tests showed that there were significant differences between sample groups.

Conclusion: ethanol extract gel of cocoa peel (Theobroma cacao L.) can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with dosage of 80 mg/ml, 160 mg/ml, and 320 mg/ml.

The effect of immersing the heat-cured acrylic resin plates into kitchen vinegar and star fruit (averrhoa bilimbi linn) solution to surface roughness base

Lenni Indriani, Rini I. Sitanya, Amelia Fitri — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: To discover the effect of kitchen vinegar and star fruit to surface roughness base.

Material and Methods: This study was an experimental laboratory experiment with a pretest-posttest control group design. This study used 18 samples of heat-cured acrylic resin plates with size (30mm x 10mm x 2mm). They were divided into three groups; 1 control group (Group A) and 2 treatment group (Group B and C). Each group consists of 6 samples. Control group A soaked into aquades solution while treatment group B soaked into kitchen vinegar, and treatment Group C soaked into Star fruit. Each sample soaked for 24 hours. This study used Surface roughness Tester (SRT). Data analysis was done with one-way ANOVA and post hoc test analysis with 0,05 significant.

Results: On one-way Anova showed p=0,676 (p>0,05), which means kitchen vinegar and star fruit has no significant effect on the surface roughness base of heat-cured acrylic resin.

Conclusion: Based on SPSS ANOVA data, kitchen vinegar, and star fruit solution have no significant effect on surface roughness (Ra), but if seen descriptively, the longer the heat-cured acrylic resin plates immersed in acidic solution, the higher the roughness of the denture surface (Ra).

Management of keratocystic odontogenic tumor in the maxillary sinus of 12-year-old children: A case report

Hendy U. Suhandi, Yudy A. Utomo, Eky Nasuri, Vera Julia — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a benign intraosseous tumor of odontogenic origin, making up the third most common odontogenic cyst. KCOTs arise from the remnants of dental lamina or the basal cells of the overlying oral epithelium. KCOTs are characterized by an aggressive behaviour with a relatively high recurrence rate, especially if they are associated with syndromes. Treatment of KCOTs include marsupialization, saucerization,

Methods: A 12-year-old child patient was referred to the Specialist Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Cipto Mangkusumo Hospital. On physical examination, facial asymmetry, a fixated swelling and lump in right maxilla from the second molar to canine with tenderness were observed. A complete history was taken and clinical examination followed by complete enucleation with sulcular flap from 12 region until 18 regions was performed. The diagnosis was maxillary dentigerous cyst based on histopathological result after the operation.

Results: The medical history was not significant and patient was in a generally good condition with no fever, nausea, pain, or difficulty in breathing. Extra oral examination showed facial asymmetry and visible lump in the right region of the maxilla.

Conclusion: The diagnosis of maxillary KCOT expanding to maxillary sinus can be achieved with adequate datas; history, clinical, and histopathological examinations. Careful surgical approach and proper treatment decision is crucial to avoid complications according to individual case of each patient, especially in children.

A rare case of oral pemphigus vulgaris in teenager suspected induced by stress

Dewi KI. Permatasari, Wahyu Hidayat — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Abstract

Objective : To provide early therapy in teenager pemphigus vulgaris patients so that healing of lesions in the oral cavity is faster.

Methods : A 14-year-old boy came to the oral medicine installation RSGM Unpad with complaints of canker sores since 5 days before, initially only at buccal mucosa and treated but multiplied and getting worse. Ulsers like this is the first time experienced by patient. The patient is on antibiotic therapy and is undergoing a national examination. Extra oral examination found dry upper and lower lip, exfoliative and bleeding tendency. Intra-oral examination found ulcer lesions covered with sloughing on the upper and lower labial mucosa, right and left buccal mucosa, and tongue. The dorsum of the tongue has a yellowish white plaque that can be scrapped and does not leave the erythema area. The results of laboratory tests showed an increase in leukocytes, platelets and LEDs while total Ig E was normal. Based on the anamnesis and clinical examination, we diagnosed patient with pemphigus vulgaris. Patient get non-pharmacological therapy, namely oral hygiene instructions (OHI), communication, information, and education (CIE) while pharmacological therapy in the form of dexamethasone, prednisone, vitamin B₁₂ and hyaluronic acid.

Results : One month after treatment, the lesions have healed.

Conclusion : Appropriate early therapy, good communication, information and education about the lesions in patient with oral pemphigus vulgaris will Â relieve stress Â and accelerate the process of healing lesions, especially in teenager patient.

Keywords : Oral pemphigus vulgaris, stress, teenager

Minimally invasive crown lengthening with the bone reduction to minimize gingival recession

Neira N. Sakinah, Shafira Kurnia — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

ABSTRACT

Objective: This case performs minimally invasive crown lengthening to minimize the incidence of gingival recession in the interdental area after the crown lengthening procedure. Methode: A patient has subgingival caries in teeth 12, 11, 22, and a lack of clinical crown length of tooth 22 for retention of the restoration. Clinical examination, radiographic photograph, and analysis of case models indicated the need for a crown lengthening procedure with a bone reduction to support the restoration. Crown lengthening was performed minimally invasive by maintaining the attachment of the papilla interdental of central incisors intact. The flap is only performed in areas that required bone reduction without breaking the attachment of the interdental gingiva. The bone reduction was performed using tungsten carbide bur. Results: One week after the crown lengthening showed fast healing and good repositioning of the gingival margins. After 3 months of crown lengthening showed no recession and no inflammation of the gingiva. Conclusion: This technique was effective to minimize gingival recession and increase the stability of the periodontal tissue after crown lengthening.

Correlation between periodontal disease and COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Dhihram Tenrisau, Mondastri K. Sudaryo, Erni Marlina, Syafaruddin Nur — Sat, 01 Apr 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to overview studies related to the relationship between periodontitis and the severity of COVID-19.

Method: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to see an overview of studies related to the relationship between periodontal disease and the severity of COVID-19, especially hospitalization. From the systematic review, 12 pieces of literature are included in the eligibility criteria and analyzed (9 reviews and three meta-analyses).

Results: The estimated OR is 2.68 (z test p = 0.006), moderate heterogeneity is 61%. The periodontal treatment for patient COVID-19 were considered to prevent the death and severity of COVID-19.

Conclusion: Periodontal disease had been associated with the severity and mortality of COVID-19, even though the further studies are needed to generalize to other populations. Apart, we hope that COVID-19 patients, get more attention for their periodontal tissue conditions, in order to prevent the death and severity of these patients.