Objective: Myrmecodia pendens is often used as a traditional medicine to treat various disease. A previous study, ethanol extract of sarang semut plant (Hypnophytum furmicarum jack) 4.65 mg was effective in fastening establishment of socket granulation tissue after tooth extraction, the Myrmecodia pendens 3% too fasten healing soft tissue of wound after tooth extraction. The aim of this study to determine the effect of ethanol extract of Myrmecodia pendens to the expression of TGF-β1, and the number of osteoblasts after tooth extraction.

Material and Methods: this study using 24 male marmoots were divided into 2 groups. The entire groups had extract done 1st left incisor mandibula, into the socket control group applied 0,1 ml of 0.5% CMC and treatment group was given 0,1 ml of ethanol extract Myrmecodia pendens 10% dissolved with CMC 0.5%. On day 3,7,14 and 21, marmoots were decapitated and histopathologic preparations then observed the expression of TGF-β1, and the number of osteoblast cell. Data analyzed by Kruskall-wallis test with probability p<0.05 and Mann-Whitney to determine differences in effectiveness between variables.

Results: Based on the Kruskal-wallis test, there is a significant difference the TGF-β1 expression and the number of osteoblast cell which had giving ethanol extract of Myrmecodia pendens between of control group and group treatment (p<0.05), further test with Mann-Whitney for TGF-β1 with days of observation shown a significant difference meanwhile osteoblast with days of observation showed no significant difference.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of red betel (piper crocatum) leaf gel as adjunctive therapy of scaling and root planing to the clinical attachment level (CAL) repair in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.

Material and Methods: This study is a randomized control trial, single-blind, split mouth method before and after treatment. 18 patients of chronic periodontitis, aged 30-62 years participated in the study. The study was conducted by dividing jaw of the subjects into 2 sides, test and control. Both sides were treated scaling and root planing, and the test side given additional topical application of red betel leaf gel. Evaluation of CAL was performed 1 month after treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using the paired t test for comparison before and after treatment on each side and the unpaired t test to compare the test and control side.

Results: Improvement of CAL in the test side is better than the control side, while distobuccal test side showed the greatest improvement 31.4%.

Conclusion: Topical application of red betel leaf gel in patients with chronic periodontitis can increase the clinical attachment level.

Objective: Many patients suffer from sensitive teeth after bleaching that can cause demineralization of enamel and widening of dentinal tubules. Hence, researchers are looking for natural ingredients for enamel remineralization material include chicken egg shells because it contain calcium carbonate that can restore lost inorganic compounds. This study aimed to identify inorganic compound in eggshell as dental remineralization agent.

Materials and methods:This study was an experimental laboratory with with post test only control group design. The research sample was five maxillary central incisor that has been applied with 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching material in different time range 1 hour, 1 hour 30 minutes, 2 hours, 2 hours 30 minutes and 3 hours. Then, samples were applied with chicken egg shells gel for 14 consecutive days. Identification of inorganic compound was analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS).

Results: The application of chicken egg shells gel do not cause a significant difference in the composition of enamel compound between control group and treatment group.

Conclusions: There is an increasing number of inorganic compounds in samples that had been applied with eggshell gel such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, chlorine, oxygen, and aluminium.

Objective: Tooth extraction is a process of removing a tooth from the alveolar process which will always cause bleeding. Bleeding is usually occurs as a result of higher pressure in the blood vessels than outside the blood vessel. In Indonesia, many plants used as herbal medicine. Binahong (anredera cordifolia (tenore) steenis) contains flavonoids, terpenoids, essential oils, tannins. Soursop (annona muricata l.) leaf contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, polyphenols, tannins. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of binahong leaves extract, soursop leaves and combination of binahong and soursop leaves extract on hemostasis process in cuts of mice.

Material and Methods: This research was conducted at the Phytochemicals Laboratory Faculty of Pharmacy and Entomology Laboratory Medical Hasanuddin University. This research is laboratory experimental with post test only with control group design. First stage by making binahong and soursoup leaves extract using maceration techniques. Male mice were adapted for seven days. Treatment on day eight by cutting the tail as much as 1 cm from the tip of the tail. Bleeding time is calculated after dipping tip of tail into the extract for 5 seconds until no blood dripping on gauze pads. Data were analyzed using kruskal wallis test followed by mann-whitney test.

Results: Binahong leaves extract, soursop leaves extract and combination of binahong and soursop leaves extracts affected hemostasis on cuts of male mice (mus musculus).

Conclusion: Combination binahong and soursop leaves extracts have the best effectiveness.

Objective: Microorganisms are often found in the oral cavity is candida albicans approximately 40 % in the oral cavity. Candida albicans can penetrate the acrylic resin that can infect the soft tissue and is the cause of denture stomatitis therefore the disinfection pf denture base is an important factor that must be done. The purpose of the research is to determine how the effect of submersion denture base acrylic resin in a betel leaf exstract solution against growth candida albicans.

Material and Methods: This research is an experimental laboratory with a longitudinal design (follow-up) study. The Sampling method used is Total Sampling. This study used a sample of 12 pieces of denture base material acrylic resin to be suspended candida albicans fungus for 1x24 hours at 37oC.

Results: The number of candida albicans colonies n denture base acrylic resin which soaked betel leaf extract solution that the dilution 10^-1with consentration 2.5% total colony count is 2 and the results 2.0 x 10¹ CFU/ml , on a control solution that the dilution 10^-2 total colony 355 and the result 3.55x10⁴ CFU/ml , that the dilution  10^-3 total colony 62 and the result 6.2x10⁴ CFU/ml.

Conclusion: Betel leaf extract (piper linn) can inhibit the growth of candida albicans on denture base of acrylic resin, betel leaf extract (piper linn) 5% is a minimal anti-fungal power that can be used as a disinfectant solution in acrylic resin denture.

Objective: Erythema Multiforme (EM) is an acute mucocutaneous hypersensitivity reaction triggered by certain infections and medications. EM induced by virus infection termed as Herpes- associated Erythema Multiforme (HAEM). The use of corticosteroids for treating HAEM has been a long debate issue. The aim of this case report is to present a patient with HAEM who was successfully treated with acyclovir combined with prednisone.

Methods:A 31-years-old female, presented with a complaint of pain and diffuse ulcers in mouth. The patient reported recurrent episode of the ulcers of the mouth during the last two years. On extra oral examination, lips were crusted and bleeding. Intraoral examination revealed multiple diffuse ulcerations on mucosa. Nolesions were seen in other part of the body. Laboratory investigation revealed normal complete blood count and positive HSV-1 serology. The patient was diagnosed as HAEM.The patient was treated with acyclovir (1000 mg/day) and prednisone (10mg/day), topical mixture corticosteroid, chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% and multivitaminduring seven days.

Results:All lesions healed without any further clinical sequelae within 7 days.The clinical success of corticosteroids as effective anti-inflammatory agents is largely attributed to their ability to reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, help to maintain vascular integrity and decrease the expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules.

Conclusions:The addition of prednisone to acyclovir for HAEM resulted in a significant reduction of clinical signs and symptoms during the first week. The combination of acyclovir and corticosteroids may play an important role in the standard care for HAEM.

Objective: Reporting the application of SBA procedure with titanium mesh as an alternative solution for immediate implant placement in socket with dentoalveolar trauma-induced buccal bone defect.

Methods: An 18-year-old female patient visited our department, with a history dentoalveolar trauma and a loss of  tooth 21. Clinical examination during the implant placement procedure exposed  a socket with buccal bone defect. SBA with autogenous chin bone graft combined with DFDBA allograft and stabilized with titanium mesh (Ti-Mesh) for buccal defect on which flap reposition was done with tension free primary closure.

Results: Ti-Mesh was removed after 3 months which no sign of inflamation appeared, implant was in a stable condition and new bone formation was observed. Subsequently, healing abutment was placed. A one-year observation suggested a good clinical retention with no luxation observed, along with decent functional and esthetic results. CBCT evaluation showed buccal bone thickness preserved.

Conclusion: Sandwich bone augmentation with stabilized titanium mesh provides a satisfying result in treating horizontal buccal bone defect.